My Blog List

Showing posts with label Alaska. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Alaska. Show all posts

Sunday, 1 July 2018

First there was a Mountain..


This blog has been free from controversy for  while but that might change with today's post.
You're probably wondering what could be controversial about a mountain, it's not the mountain itself which is the issue, but  our old friend geographical renaming.
The McKinley/Denali naming dispute is quite complicated but I'll try my best to write about it.
For some reason I always believed that Mt McKinley was given that name as a mark of respect after President McKinley was assassinated in but that is not the case.
It actually got the name unofficially in 1896 when McKinley was only a presidential candidate, not becoming president until a year later. It became the official name in 1917 ,16 years after McKinley died. The was also the year that the National Park of the same name was established. 
Prior to 1896, the mountain had a number of names locally. To the Kuyokon people it was known as Denali, to the Dena'ina people it was  Dghelay Ka'a and during the Russian ownership of Alaska it was Bolshaya Gora, these translate to "The tall one" and "the big mountain" respectively, appropriate names as Denali is the highest mountain peak in North America.  It was also briefly named local Densmore's Peak after a gold prospector who praised the mountain fulsomely.
There were always renewed efforts to rename the mountain to Denali which was the name commonly used by Alaskans and Mountaineers. The national park was unofficially renamed Denali in 1975 but people would have to wait another 40 years until the mountain followed suit.  The renaming to Denali was officially announced on 6th September 2015 by President Obama during a climate-change focussed visit.
This caused a lot of controversy with people believing it was an insult to McKinley and his native state of Ohio, incidentally McKinley never visited Alaska. Not surprisingly, Donald Trump was one of those opposed to the name change and vowed to revert back to McKinley if he got elected. However, when he became president, the two Alaskan senators , one of whom, Dan Sullivan is married to an Athabaskan (the language group to which Koyukon belongs)   stated they did not wish this and so the mountain remains Denali.
Strangely, postcards with the mountain labelled Mt McKinley seem to be easier to find than those with Denali but that may soon change.
The particular postcard is not dated though the back mentioned that it is was on the newer national parks. It is quite difficult to date scenic postcards but at a guess I'd say 1930s.


Friday, 8 July 2016

Ukivok, King Island : The Inuit Stilt Village




Ukivok on King Island isn't the most northerly abandoned settlement, that would be Pyramiden in Svalbard but the Inupiat stilt village in Alaska must be a contender for runner up.
Hanging on a cliff face in the Bering Sea, 40 miles from mainland Alaska, it also has to be one of the most precarious and isolated dwellings in the world.
In the 19th century, several hundred Inuit families lived  there and made their living hunting, fishing and carving souvenirs.
By the early 20th century, the settlement's only school was closed, over concerns about rock slides, meaning the younger population had to move to  mainland making island life less viable. World War II and TB sadly also contributed to the dwindling population.
By the time the postcard above was produced in the mid 60s only 25 families remained on the island but even they had left by 1970. The village itself still remains and is in quite good condition probably because its isolated location keeps it safe from vandals.
The former residents still have a proud and distinct culture and some have returned to the island from time to over the past decade.

Update
Thanks to research done by CarolAnn it seems that the part about concerns over rockslides being the reason for the school closures was not true. Many pieces about the island refer to social and economic pressures forcing people off the island. It seems as if government bureaucracy, under the guise of Western modernisation, was the real culprit. The rock side never happened and families were torn apart and forcibly separated for no real reason, children were sent to boarding schools thousands of miles away from their families and were punished for speaking their own language and adults were sent to live somewhere not suited to their lifestyle and skills.
Would island life still be alive and well if the Bureau of Indian Affairs hadn't interfered? It's hard to say but considering there had been a community there with a flourishing language and culture for a long time I imagine it probably would.